ECB - European Central Bank

Beat the heat, the role of heat waves and droughts in regional EU economies

4 days ago

Europe is increasingly exposed to heat waves and droughts, but their short-term...

Innovation without borders? The geography of technological diffusion

5 days ago

How well does innovation diffuse across geographic boundaries? To shed light on...

Effectiveness of supervisory activities in mitigating banks’ commercial real estate risk

5 days ago

We assess the effectiveness of supervisory activities in mitigating credit risk stemming...

Household Finance and Consumption Survey: Methodological report for the 2023 wave

5 days ago

This report summarises the methodologies used in the fifth wave of the...

Household Finance and Consumption Survey: Results from the 2023 wave

5 days ago

This report summarises the stylised facts from the 2023 wave of the...

Financial stability considerations for monetary policy at the European Central Bank: conceptual framework and quantitative tools

6 days ago

The paper documents models used to analyse the interactions and trade-offs between...

FDI, gravity, and aggregation: revisiting the distance elasticity with sector-level FDI data

6 days ago

This paper re-examines foreign direct investment motives in the ‘FDI gravity’ model...

Letter from the ECB President to Mr Bruno Gonçalves, MEP, on financing the green transition

9 days ago

Eurosystem staff macroeconomic projections for the euro area, June 2026

10 days ago

Fiscal policy transmission through production networks with heterogeneous households

18 days ago

We study how sector-specific fiscal policy propagates in an economy with heterogeneous...

Herding in the foreign exchange market

18 days ago

Using a recent and comprehensive data set covering nine of the most...

Investment composition and growth: the role of intangible and tangible ICT capital in the EU and other economies

19 days ago

This paper examines whether differences in the composition of investment help explain...